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Charles Stanley & Co. Limited and Charles Stanley Group PLC ("the Group") - As at 31 March 2011
This is the Pillar 3 disclosure made in accordance with the UK Financial Services Authority ("FSA") Prudential Sourcebook for Banks, Building Societies and Investment Firms ("BIPRU") which is required to be made on an annual basis. The disclosures are subject to external verification only to the extent that they have been made in the Group's Financial Statements for the year ended 31 March 2011.
Additional information on the Group's Risk Management not required under Pillar 3 can be found in the Charles Stanley Group PLC financial statements.
Basis of consolidation
All companies included in the Group for statutory consolidated accounting purposes are included in prudential calculations. The Group does not use special purpose vehicles.
Definitions of assets and capital differ between the regulated capital adequacy rules of the FSA and the statutory accounting balance sheet standards. In these Pillar 3 Disclosures we use the definitions set out in the FSA rules.
Application of CRD disclosures
The disclosures are made on a fully consolidated basis for the Group, including the regulated subsidiaries Charles Stanley & Co. Ltd, EBS Management PLC, Garrison Investment Analysis Limited and Griffiths and Armour (Financial Services) Limited.
Capital Resources
Tier 1 Capital
The overwhelming majority of the Group's Tier 1 capital comprises ordinary shares, which may have been issued at a premium, and retained earnings. Intangible assets are deducted in full in accordance with FSA requirements.
£'000
Ordinary shares 11,265
Share premium 2,491
Retained earnings 67,027
Less: Intangible assets (34,126)
46,657
Retained earnings includes an adjustment for the Group's defined pension benefit liability in accordance with FSA requirements.
Tier 2 Capital
Tier 2 capital comprises the Group's revaluation reserves, which arise principally from the revaluation of Available For Sale financial assets. No deductions are made to Tier 2 Capital.
£'000
Other Reserves 1,463
Risk Management Objectives and Policies
As the parent company of firms that are authorised by the Financial Services Authority to conduct investment business, Charles Stanley Group PLC is required by the EU Capital Requirements Directive to make public disclosure of its risk management objectives and policies in accordance with the requirements of Pillar 3 of the Directive and the internal capital adequacy assessment process ("ICAAP") prescribed by the FSA..
The Group has a clearly defined operational strategy, which is
The Group is operated managerially through the medium of a number of committees. Standing apart from the Group's operational activities is its Audit Committee, which reports directly to the Group board and which has independent statutory responsibilities to the shareholders of the Group. The Audit Committee comprises two Group directors (excluding the chairman and the finance director), the head of legal services for the Group, and an independent external chairman who, as a chartered accountant, is appropriately qualified. It meets quarterly. Its Terms of Reference are set out at the end of this disclosure, and these include responsibility for monitoring and reviewing the Group's internal audit function and considering reports from internal audit on internal controls and risk management.
The Group has the following oversight committees.
The Board has overall responsibility for the Group's system of internal controls, the objectives of which are the safeguarding of the Group's assets, the maintenance of proper accounting records and the availability of reliable financial information for use within the business and for publication. This system of internal controls is also designed to provide reasonable, albeit not absolute, assurance against material misstatement and to prevent and detect fraud and other irregularities.
The Board regularly reviews the effectiveness of the Group's internal control system. There is an ongoing process for identifying, evaluating and managing significant risks which was in place throughout the year. This process meets the Turnbull Guidance.
The Group's system of internal controls includes appropriate levels of authorisation and segregation of duties. Financial reports are presented to the Board monthly detailing the results, variances against forecast and other performance data.
The Group has an internal audit department and an audit plan. The results of these audits are reported to the Audit Committee at the quarterly meetings. The suitability and effectiveness of the Group's internal controls and risk management are discussed, together with the ongoing monitoring of compliance, financial and operational controls and risk management. This information is reported to the Group Board which is able to conclude, with reasonable assurance, that the appropriate internal control systems have been maintained throughout the year.
Risk categories and definitions
Operational risk
Operational risk is defined as the risk of loss arising from inadequate or failed internal processes, people and systems or from external events. The Group is aware that operational risk can never be eliminated, but seeks to minimise the probability and impact of operational events.
The Group's business areas manage this risk through applicable controls and loss mitigation techniques, including use of insurance. These activities include a balance of policies, procedures and internal controls to ensure compliance with laws and regulations. Further assurance is provided by the Group's internal audit and compliance departments.
The operational risk policy incorporates a review of the Group's risk matrix by the risk and regulatory review group. The Group is implementing a risk and control assessment by the finance department through discussion with Directors and relevant branch managers. This scores risk events as to probability and impact as well as evaluating the design and performance of controls that have been put in place to mitigate that risk. The results of the assessment will be included within the existing risk matrix framework.
The Group is subject to the Fixed Overhead Requirement for calculation of its Pillar 1 Capital Resource Requirements. For the year ended 31 March 2011 the amount required to be held by the Group to meet the Fixed Overhead Requirement was £11,637,000. The Group considers this to be an acceptable alternative calculation for operational risk.
Credit risk
This represents the risk of loss through default by a counterparty. The most significant risk to the Group is that a client or market counterparty will fail to settle a trade. In relation to its retail business the Group does not consider that, given the breadth of its client list and the volume of their trades, there is a risk of client default that would be material in the context of the overall business. Moreover credit exposures to clients are monitored by the compliance committee, and the Group has an effective credit control department to recover any monies or stock owed through default.
Wholesale and institutional trades are conducted on the basis of "delivery versus payment", which minimises the risk of exposure to more substantial trading positions. This does not however eliminate risk entirely in the combination of circumstances in which the counterparty fails and the value of stock awaiting settlement against payment has changed adversely. To guard against this the Group sets exposure levels for various counterparties and monitors these. A residual maturity analysis of "delivery versus payment" transactions would not be meaningful and is therefore not deemed appropriate for the Group's activities.
Exposure values to either retail or market counterparties are determined using mark to market methods.
The Group does not conduct derivative business on its own account. Client deals have to be transacted by the Group as principal, under the rules of LIFFE, but these are always matching, back to back transactions. In all cases where such transactions place the client or the Group at risk we hold suitable collateral. This normally takes the form of a lien over the customer's assets giving a claim on these assets for both existing and future liabilities.
The Group has to hold funds to protect itself against credit risk, and this has been assessed based on the Pillar 1 requirements of the EU Directive (calculated using the simplified approach). The Group credit risk weighted exposure amount was £3,215,000 at 31 March 2011.
Market risk
This is the risk that arises from fluctuations in values of, or income from, assets or in interest or exchange rates. Whilst the Group engages in limited principal dealing this is primarily on a 'riskless' basis (back to back trades), the only risk in such circumstances being of counterparty failure, which is addressed under "Credit Risk" above. The Group does not engage in own account trading. Positions may arise occasionally from dealing error.
The Group has small currency exposures. We run positions in a variety of currencies, principally the US dollar, to support clients' dealing activities. Policy requires any significant net exposures to be hedged using forward currency contracts as soon as a commitment is made.
While changes in interest rates will affect our income, they should not pose a significant risk to the Group.
Market risk is assessed primarily within Pillar 1, using the "Basic Method", as prescribed. Any further capital allocations are decided by the risk and regulatory review group within the framework of the Risk Matrix.
The Group monitors its exposure to Pillar 1 Market Risk on a daily basis as required under FSA regulations.
Market risk, as determined under Pillar 1, was less than the level that was considered material as at 31 March 2011.
Capital adequacy
The Group assesses its capital adequacy to support current and future activities in a number of ways. Pillar 1 capital adequacy is monitored daily for compliance with capital requirements, and is reviewed formally by the Compliance Committee on a monthly basis. The Board will consider the need to change capital forecasts and capital plans based on such reviews.
The Group assesses internal capital adequacy, as required by Pillar 2, on a quarterly basis. Pillar 2 capital adequacy assessments involve:
Forecast capital requirements in conjunction with actual levels are considered quarterly by the Board.
Remuneration Disclosures
The FSA has amended the Prudential Sourcebook for Banks, Building Societies and Investment Firms (BIPRU), and specifically BIPRU 11, to now include a requirement for disclosure of Charles Stanley's approach to linking remuneration to risk.
Under the FSA's Remuneration Code (the "Code"), the firm is classified as a Tier 4 firm, which allows it to disapply many of the technical requirements of the Code and proportionately apply the Code's rules and principles in establishing Charles Stanley's policy.
The Code requires Charles Stanley to consider its processes and procedures for those senior staff that operate within Companies who are covered by the Code and whose professional activities have a material impact on the Group's risk profile (Code Staff).
Charles Stanley is satisfied that the policies in place are appropriate to its size, internal organisation and the nature, the scope and the complexity of its activities.
Code Staff Criteria
It has been determined that only those Approved Persons performing Significant Influence Functions and any other Controlled Function excluding CF30's (ie CF1- 29) within companies within the Group that are caught by the Code are to be classified as Code Staff. Within the Charles Stanley group of companies, only Charles Stanley & Co Limited and Garrison Investment Analysis Limited are caught by the Code.
Information concerning the decision-making process used for determining the remuneration policy (including information about the composition and the mandate of a remuneration committee, the external consultant whose services have been used for the determination of the remuneration policy and the role of the relevant stakeholders)
While Charles Stanley does not have a formal Remunerations Committee (as per the Combined Code) the remuneration of staff is considered by a remuneration group (the RemGroup) made up of main Board Directors and the HR/Legal Director. The RemGroup considers remuneration policy and awards for all staff, including Code Staff. Awards are subject to a defined review and sign-off process.
The RemGroup does not retain external consultants although external consultants are used from time to time to asked advice on specific issues. The RemGroup does also seek advice from the Human Resources Department and Directors/Senior Managers, who may provided relevant information and advice to the RemGroup.
Charles Stanley Group has stated that its objective is to build the business over the longer term and thereby maximise the return to shareholders, while paying proper regard to the interests of all our stakeholders (including employees, clients, shareholders) and to the surrounding communities in which it operates.
The strategy to achieve this objective is focused primarily through the maximisation of investment returns to its clients in accordance with its contractual relationships. Additionally, Charles Stanley seeks to grow the business through a combination of both organic growth and carefully selected acquisitions which either reinforce the business's existing activities or diversifies it into complementary business lines.
It is acknowledged that the reputation and success of the firm is due to the service provided to clients by highly qualified and committed staff. Staff are therefore one of the key assets of the organisation and it is its policy to attract and retain the best people.
In light of the above, when fixing the remuneration policies and packages for current and future periods the Group will have the following in mind:
By paying due regard to the 3 above mentioned factors, the firm believes it can attract and retain the best quality staff, thereby ensuring that its long term interests are looked after.
Information on the link between pay and performance
Charles Stanley recognises the responsibility Code Staff have in driving its future success and delivering value for shareholders and that remuneration is a key component in motivating and rewarding those staff.
Code Staff remuneration is based on competitive market-based wages that fairly compensate employees in view of skills provided, work performed and responsibility undertaken. Overall remuneration includes an annual variable incentive compensation reflecting individual performance and responsibility, both short-term and long-term, as well as Charles Stanley's overall performance.
Aggregate quantitative information on remuneration for Code Staff
For the year ending 31st March 2011 there were 15 Code Staff (as defined above).
Aggregate remuneration expenditure in respect of Code Staff was £2.8m.
Remuneration expenditure was divided between fixed and variable remuneration as follows:
Fixed remuneration £2.3m
Variable remuneration £0.5m
(Fixed remuneration consists of base salaries only while variable remuneration consists of regular payments of commission and bonus.)